How the macros are calculated
Calories come from your TDEE (Mifflin-St Jeor and your activity level) adjusted for your goal: −20% to lose fat, −10% for recomposition, +10% to gain. Or enter your own calorie target.8 Then the calories are divided in three steps.
1. Protein, per kg of body weight
| Goal | Protein |
|---|---|
| Lose fat | 2 g/kg |
| Recomp | 2 g/kg |
| Build muscle | 1.8 g/kg |
| Maintain | 1.6 g/kg |
A meta-analysis of 49 trials found gains in muscle from resistance training level off around 1.6 g/kg a day, with an upper confidence limit of 2.2 g/kg.2 Dieting raises needs, so fat-loss targets sit higher.3,4 Protein is capped at 35% of calories, the top of the Institute of Medicine's acceptable range.1 At a BMI of 30 or more, protein is based on adjusted body weight (the weight at BMI 25 plus 40% of the difference) because protein needs follow lean mass, not fat mass.7
2. Fat, by diet style
- Balanced: Fat at 30% of calories, carbs fill the rest. Suits most people.
- Lower carb: Carbs held at 20% of calories, fat fills the rest.
- Keto: Carbs held at 25 g a day, fat fills the rest.
- Endurance: Fat at 20% of calories so carbs can fuel high training volume.
Fat never drops below 20% of calories, the bottom of the acceptable range, because dietary fat supports hormone production and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.1 Keto keeps carbohydrate at 25 g, below the roughly 50 g a day at which ketosis usually begins.6
3. Carbohydrate fills the rest
Carbs (g) = (calories − protein g × 4 − fat g × 9) ÷ 4
Endurance athletes training about an hour a day generally need 5 to 7 g of carbs per kg; the calculator flags it if your calories can't cover that on the endurance setting.5 Fiber is set at 14 g per 1,000 kcal.1
Worked example
A 34-year-old woman, 168 cm and 72 kg, moderately active, losing fat on a balanced diet with four meals:
Calories: TDEE 2,230 × 0.8 = 1,780 kcal Protein: 2.0 × 72 = 145 g (580 kcal) Fat: 30% × 1,780 ÷ 9 = 59 g (534 kcal) Carbs: (1,780 − 580 − 534) ÷ 4 = 167 g Per meal: about 36 g protein, 42 g carbs, 15 g fat
Getting the most from your numbers
- Hit calories and protein first. Carbs and fat can vary by 10 to 20 g a day without changing results.
- Spread protein across your meals; about 0.4 g/kg per meal suits muscle building.
- Recheck after every 4 to 5 kg of weight change, or use the TDEE calculator to see how your maintenance has moved.
Want a closer look at protein alone? The protein calculator adjusts for age and training, and the calorie deficit calculator lets you choose a weekly pace of loss.